Who’s who in the House of Windsor: Queen Elizabeth II’s line of succession
By CNN Staff
Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II has died at Balmoral Castle in Scotland, Buckingham Palace said on Thursday. She was 96.
The Queen became the sixth female to ascend to the British throne in February 1952, after the death of her father, King George VI. She was the longest-reigning monarch in British history, serving for over 70 years.
Prince Charles, the Queen’s oldest son, immediately ascends to the throne as King, putting his eldest son, Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge, first in line for the throne.
Here’s what we know about the British royal family’s line of succession.
Queen Elizabeth II
Born: April 21, 1926, Died: September 8, 2022
What to know: Born third in line to the throne, she was christened Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary after her mother Queen Elizabeth; her paternal great-grandmother Queen Alexandra; and her paternal grandmother Queen Mary.
The Queen is the sixth female to ascend to the British throne and the longest-reigning monarch. In September 2015, she surpassed the record set by her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria, who ruled for 63 years, seven months.
She married her third cousin, Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh, in November 1947. Like Queen Elizabeth II, he was a great-great-grandchild of Queen Victoria.
Prince Philip died at the age of 99 in April 2021.
More key relatives: Her younger sister and only sibling, Princess Margaret, who died in 2002.
Charles, Prince of Wales
Born: November 14, 1948
What to know: First in the line of succession, Prince Charles is the longest serving British monarch-in-waiting; he’s been the heir apparent since the age of three.
President of The Prince’s Trust and the Royal Shakespeare Company, and president or patron of more than 400 charitable organizations, the Prince of Wales is the first royal heir to earn a university degree.
More key relatives: Diana, Princess of Wales, to whom he was married from 1981 to 1996. They had two children together: Princes William and Harry.
Diana died in 1997 following a car accident in Paris, along with boyfriend Dodi Fayed and driver Henri Paul.
In 2005, the Prince of Wales married Camilla, the Duchess of Cornwall.
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge
Born: June 21, 1982
What to know: Prince William, second in line to the throne after his father Prince Charles, has achieved the highest educational degree — Master of Arts — of any member of the royal family. He served in the military from 2006 to 2013, participating in more than 150 helicopter search and rescue operations.
More key relatives: Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, whom he married in 2011. The couple have three children together: Prince George, 9; Princess Charlotte, 7; and Prince Louis, 4.
The family live in Adelaide Cottage, a four-bedroom property in the grounds of Windsor Castle, Berkshire, about 25 miles from London. The Cambridges’ London residence, Kensington Palace, will remain the family’s principal residence, however, a royal source told CNN in August.
Prince George of Cambridge
Born: July 22, 2013
What to know: When Prince George arrived, he became third in line to inherit the throne. If all goes as planned and he becomes king after the reigns of his grandfather Prince Charles and his father Prince William, George will be the 43rd monarch since William the Conqueror.
But for now, he’s still brushing up on his education: George currently attends Lambrook School near Windsor along with his younger sister, Princess Charlotte and his younger brother, Prince Louis.
Princess Charlotte of Cambridge
Born: May 2, 2015
What to know: Fourth in line to the throne, Princess Charlotte was born into a more equitable era: In 2011, the British monarchy abolished a rule that gave preference to male heirs over their sisters in the line of succession.
Prince Louis of Cambridge
Born: April 23, 2018
What to know: Prince Louis, fifth in line to the throne, arrived during a busy season for the royal family; he was born just weeks before the 2018 wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan.
As is tradition, a golden easel bearing a framed notice announcing the birth was placed on display in front of Buckingham Palace that afternoon. The practice of posting a bulletin on the occasion of a royal birth goes back to at least 1837, when Buckingham Palace became the British monarch’s official residence.
Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex
Born: September 15, 1984
What to know: Sixth in line to the throne, Prince Harry also trained in the military. In 2008, the British Ministry of Defense announced that Harry had secretly been serving in Afghanistan with his Army unit on a four-month mission since December 2007.
He was quickly withdrawn for security reasons, but later returned as an Apache helicopter pilot in 2012. In 2015, after nearly a decade of service, he announced he was leaving the armed forces.
The Duke of Sussex is also the founder of the Invictus Games, an international sporting competition for injured servicemen and women. The first games were held in London in 2014.
More key relatives: Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, whom he married in 2018. The couple welcomed their first child, son Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor, in May 2019. Their daughter, Lilibet “Lili” Diana Mountbatten-Windsor was born in June 2021.
In early 2020, the pair announced that they were stepping back from their roles as senior members of the British royal family. They now live in the US.
Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor
Born: May 6, 2019
What to know: In a significant milestone across the Commonwealth and within British society, baby Archie made history by becoming the first biracial British child in the royal family.
Being seventh in line to the throne, he doesn’t immediately qualify for the title of prince — and Buckingham Palace told CNN at the time of Archie’s birth that his parents, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, have chosen not to use any title at all for their son.
When Prince Charles becomes King, Prince Harry’s son will be eligible to become His Royal Highness Prince Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor.
Lilibet ‘Lili’ Diana Mountbatten-Windsor
Born: June 4, 2021
What to know: Lilibet “Lili” Diana Mountbatten-Windsor was born in Santa Barbara, California, in June 2021 following the decision of her parents, Harry and Meghan, to step back from royal life in the UK and move to the US.
Her unusual name is a tribute to her great-grandmother, the Queen — Lilibet is her family nickname. Baby Lili’s middle name, Diana, “was chosen to honor her beloved late grandmother, The Princess of Wales,” the Duke and Duchess of Sussex announced in a statement.
Eighth in line to the throne, the Queen’s 11th great-grandchild is the most senior royal in the line of succession to have been born overseas.
Prince Andrew, Duke of York
Born: February 19, 1960
What to know: Prince Andrew is the third of the Queen’s four children, and ninth in line to the British throne. He served in the British Royal Navy for 22 years and was a helicopter pilot during the Falklands War.
In 2019, the Prince announced that he was going to pull back from public duties after a controversial interview in which he denied allegations that he had sex with an underaged woman who said she had been trafficked by sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.
Andrew, who has been under intense scrutiny for his decades-long friendship with Epstein, said in a statement announcing his decision that the association became “a major disruption to my family’s work and the valuable work going on in the many organizations and charities that I am proud to support.”
While he’s still a prince, Andrew no longer has an official role.
More key relatives: Sarah Ferguson, the Duchess of York, whom Andrew married in 1986.
Sarah and Andrew had two children together — Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie — before a high-profile divorce in 1996.
Princess Beatrice
Born: August 8, 1988
What to know: Princess Beatrice, tenth in the line of succession to the British throne, married real estate specialist Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi in a private ceremony in July 2020. The wedding was a significantly pared back event attended by the Queen, Duke of Edinburgh and close family to ensure compliance with Covid-19 guidelines at the time.
In September 2021, she gave birth to daughter Sienna Elizabeth Mapelli Mozzi, who became the 11th in line to the throne.
Beatrice, 33, has a royal title but works a regular, full-time day job as vice president of partnerships and strategy at tech company Afiniti.
Princess Eugenie
Born: March 23, 1990
What to know: The younger York sister is 12th in the line of succession, and, after her cousin Prince Harry, was the second royal to throw a massive wedding in 2018.
She wed Jack Brooksbank, a brand ambassador for Casamigos tequila, which was founded by George Clooney and Rande Gerber, husband of supermodel Cindy Crawford. Like her sister, Princess Eugenie has a fairly everyday job: She works as the director of the Hauser & Wirth art gallery in London.
In February, she gave birth to her son August Philip Hawke Brooksbank, who is the 13th in line to the throne.
Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
Born: March 10, 1964
What to know: The youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Prince Edward is 14th in line to the British throne. He’s currently a full-time working member of the royal family. Prince Edward previously trained as a cadet in the Royal Marines and worked as a theater and TV producer.
More key relatives: Sophie, Countess of Wessex, whom Prince Edward married in 1999. The couple have two children together, Lady Louise Windsor and James, Viscount Severn.
James, Viscount Severn
Born: December 17, 2007
What to know: Despite being younger than his sister Lady Louise Windsor, the Viscount Severn is ahead of her in the line of succession because of the previous rule that saw the British monarchy favor male heirs over their sisters. He is 15th in line to the throne.
Lady Louise Windsor
Born: November 8, 2003
What to know: The oldest child of the Earl and Countess of Wessex, Lady Louise Windsor is now 16th in line to the throne. Her parents chose more subdued royal titles and, with the permission of the Queen, gave their children titles in the style of an earl rather than prince and princess, according to The Independent.
Anne, the Princess Royal
Born: August 15, 1950
What to know: The second child and only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Anne was third in the line of succession at birth — but today she’s No. 17, behind her brothers and their children and grandchildren.
Widely known as an expert horsewoman, the Princess Royal competed as an equestrian in the 1976 Olympics in Montreal — just two years after surviving a kidnapping attempt. Today she’s part of the International Olympic Committee in addition to serving various charitable organizations.
More key relatives: Capt. Mark Phillips, the Princess Royal’s first husband, with whom she has two children: Peter and Zara. Phillips, an army officer, was a commoner who declined to receive a royal title; Anne also declined her mother’s offer to give titles to Peter and Zara.
Anne and Capt. Mark divorced in 1992, and the Princess Royal went on to marry Royal Navy officer and equerry to the Queen, Timothy Laurence, that same year.
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